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Sequencing the human genome turned up far fewer genes than the bets placed before it.

Biology Facts, sourced to National Human Genome Research Institute.

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Estimates before the project ran from fifty thousand to well over a hundred thousand, and researchers ran an open sweepstake on the number. The answer came in around twenty thousand, which is not many more than a roundworm has. The complexity is not in the count of genes but in how they are regulated and combined: one gene can be read in several ways to make several different proteins, depending on the cell and the moment.

The claim comes from National Human Genome Research Institute.

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