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The rings in a trunk hold a year by year account of the weather the tree lived through.

Biology Facts, sourced to NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.

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A ring is one growing season, and its width depends on how good that season was for growth, so a good year is a broad ring and a drought is a narrow one. Because the pattern of good and bad years is shared across a region, rings from a living tree can be matched to rings from an older dead one, and that one to a beam in an old building, chaining the sequence back thousands of years further than any thermometer reaches.

The claim comes from NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.

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